The 4th chapter of Shareeram sthanam of Ashtanga Hridayam is called as Marma Vibhaga Shareera Adhyaya. This chapter offers with the reason of the classification of important spots of the physique.
The subjects lined on this chapter embrace –
– Variety of Marmas and their distribution within the physique
– Sakha Marma – important spots of the extremities
– Madhayamanga marma – important sports activities of the trunk
– Prishtagata marma – important sports activities of the again
– Jatrurdhva marma – important spots within the head and neck
– Vishalyaghna marma – important spots which trigger demise after elimination of overseas physique
– Sadyo pranahara marma – important spots which trigger quick demise
– Definition of marma
– Marma Sankhya – variety of important spots
– Marma viddha laksana – indicators of Damage to important spots
– Names of important spots which trigger prompt demise
– Names of important spots which trigger demise after a while
– Names of important spots which trigger demise after elimination of the overseas physique
– Names of important spots which trigger distortion or incapacity
– Names of important spots which trigger ache
– Marma pramana – dimension of the important spots
– Marmbhighata phala – impact of harm to important spots
– Significance of checking the bleeding within the injured important spot
– Causes for avoidance of administration of alkalis, toxic medicines and so on on the important spots
– Significance of Marmas
Pledge by the writer(s)
अथातो मर्मविभागं शारीरं व्याख्यास्यामः।
इति ह स्माहुरात्रेयादयो महर्षयः।गद्यसूत्रे॥२॥
After having provided prayers to the God, henceforth we’re going to clarify the chapter pertaining to the classification of the important spots of the physique. Thus say (pledge) Atreya and different sages.
Variety of Marmas and their distribution within the physique
सप्तोत्तरं मर्मशतं तेषामेकादशादिशेत् ।
पृथक्सक्थ्नोस्तथा बाह्वोस्त्रीणि कोष्ठे नवोरसि ॥ १ ॥
पृष्ठे चतुर्दशोर्ध्वं तु जत्रोस्त्रिंशच्च सप्त च ।
Marmas (important sports activities, susceptible locations) are 100 and 7; of them, eleven are current within the thighs and arms individually in every (thus forty-four within the 4 extremities); three within the stomach, 9 within the chest, fourteen within the again (thus twenty six within the trunk); and thirty seven in elements above the shoulders (neck and head)
Sakha Marma – important spots of the extremities
मध्ये पादतलस्याहुरभितो मध्यमाङ्गुलीम् ॥ २ ॥
तलहृन्नामरुजया तत्र विद्धस्य पञ्चता ।
अङ्गुष्ठाङ्गुलिमध्यस्थं क्षिप्रंआक्षेपमारणम् ॥ ३ ॥
तस्योर्ध्वं द्व्यङ्गुले कूर्चः पादभ्रमणकम्पकृत् ।
गुल्फसन्धेरधः कूर्चशिरःशोफरुजाकरम् ॥ ४ ॥
जङ्घाचरणयोः सन्धौ गुल्फो रुक्स्तम्भमान्द्यकृत् ।
जङ्घान्तरे त्विन्द्रवस्तिर्मारयत्यसृजः क्षयात् ॥ ५ ॥
जङ्घोर्वोः सङ्गमे जानु खञ्जता तत्र जीवतः ।
जानुनस्त्र्यङ्गुलादूर्ध्वमाण्यूरुस्तम्भशोफकृत् ॥ ६ ॥
उर्व्यूरुमध्ये तद्वेधात्सक्थिशोषोऽस्रसङ्क्षयात् ।
ऊरुमूले लोहिताक्षं हन्ति पक्षमसृक्क्षयात् ॥ ७ ॥
मुष्कवङ्क्षणयोर्मध्ये विटपं षण्ढताकरम् ।
इति सक्थ्नोस्तथा बाह्वोर्मणिबन्धोऽत्र गुल्फवत् ॥ ८ ॥
कूर्परं जानुवत्कौण्यं तयोर्विटपवत्पुनः ।
कक्षाक्षमध्ये कक्षाधृक् कुणित्वं तत्र जायते ॥ ९ ॥
Within the centre of the only real, within the line of the center toe is talahrdaya, harm to it will result in demise from (extreme) ache in between the massive toe and the primary toe, is a crucial spot generally known as ksipra, harm to this causes convulsions resulting in demise. Two angula (finger breadth) above that is situated a significant spot named kurca, harm to it will produce twisting of the foot and tremors slightly below the ankle joint is kurcasira, its harm causes swelling and ache on the junction of the calves and foot is gulpha, its harm causes ache, stiffness (or lack of management) of the leg or lack of actions within the centre of the calf muscle is indrabasti, its harm results in demise by (extreme) lack of blood on the junction of calves and thighs is the janu, its harm produces lameness if he’s alive. Three angulas above on both aspect of the janu are the ani, its harm causes stiffness of the thighs and swelling of the leg (thigh) within the centre of the issues is urvi, its harm causes emaciation of the thigh from lack of blood. Above the urvi, beneath the angle of the groin and on the root of the thigh is lohitaksa, its harm causes hemiplegia from lack of blood in between the scrotum and groin is vitapa, its harm causes impotence marmas of the arms much like these of the thighs, within the arms, similar to the gulpha it’s manibandha (known as manibandha or wrist marma as a substitute of gulpha) kurpara (in higher limb / arm) is much like janu (within the decrease limb), harm to those causes distortion of the arm, similar to in vitapa in between the axilla and collar bone is kaksadhra, similar to vitapa, its harm additionally causes distortion of arm.
Madhayamanga marma – important sports activities of the trunk
स्थूलान्त्रबद्धः सद्योघ्नो विड्वातवमनो गुदः ।
मूत्राशयो धनुर्वक्रो वस्तिरल्पास्रमांसगः ॥ १० ॥
एकाधोवदनो मध्ये कट्याः सद्यो निहन्त्यसून् ।
ऋतेऽश्मरीव्रणाद्विद्धस्तत्राप्युभयतश्च सः ॥ ११ ॥
मूत्रस्राव्येकतो भिन्ने व्रणो रोहेच्च यत्नतः ।
देहामपक्वस्थानानां मध्ये सर्वसिराश्रयः ॥ १२ ॥
नाभिः सोऽपि हि सद्योघ्नो द्वारमामाशयस्य च ।
सत्त्वादिधाम हृदयं स्तनोरःकोष्ठमध्यगम् ॥ १३ ॥
स्तनरोहितमूलाख्ये द्व्यङ्गुले स्तनयोर्वदेत् ।
ऊर्ध्वाधोऽस्रकफापूर्णकोष्ठोनश्येत्तयोःक्रमात् ॥ १४ ॥
अपस्तम्भावुरपार्श्वे नाड्यावनिलवाहिनी ।
रक्तेन पूर्णकोष्ठोऽत्र श्वासात्कासाच्च नश्यति ॥ १५ ॥
पृष्ठवंशोरसोर्मध्ये तयोरेव च पार्श्वयोः ।
अधोऽंसकूटयोर्विद्यादपालापाख्यमर्मणी ॥ १६ ॥
तयोः कोष्ठेऽसृजा पूर्णे नश्येद्यातेन पूयताम् ।
Hooked up to the big gut is guda marma, which expels the flatus and faces, its harm results in fast demise. Mutrashaya (urinary bladder) curved like a bow, made up of little or no of muscle tissue and blood, situated contained in the pelvis, with one orifice pointed downwards, it’s the basti (marma); harm to it causes demise rapidly, even with out formation of ulcer attributable to urinary stone (whereas elimination of stone) even on this, if this ulcer (fashioned by urinary stone) is fashioned on either side, it nonetheless causes fast demise whether it is injured on one aspect and ulcer develops via which urine flows out, it heals with issue after nice effort (remedy) within the physique, in between the abdomen and enormous gut is the nabhi, the seat of all of the siras (veins) even its harm causes demise rapidly. In between the chest and stomach, between the 2 breast and on the opening of the abdomen is the hrdaya, which is the seat of satva (soul/life) and so on (harm to it additionally causes fast demise) stanarohita and stanamula are located two angula above and beneath the breast respectively; harm to those results in demise from accumulation of blood and kapha within the kostha (chest) respectively on both aspect of the tube of the chest (trachea) are the 2 tubes which carry air, generally known as apastambha, harm to those causes demise from accumulation of blood contained in the chest, cough and dyspnoea within the area between backbone and chest, on either side of the identical (area between backbone and chest), beneath the shoulder joints, are the 2 important spots generally known as apalapa, their harm causes accumulation of blood within the chest cavity which (blood) later will get transformed into pus resulting in demise
Prishtagata marma – important sports activities of the again
पार्श्वयोः पृष्ठवंशस्य श्रोणिकर्णौ प्रति स्थिते ॥ १७ ॥
वंशाश्रिते स्फिजोरूर्ध्वं कटीकतरुणे स्मृते ।
तत्र रक्तक्षयात्पाण्डुर्हीनरूपो विनश्यति ॥ १८ ॥
पृष्ठवंशं ह्युभयतो यौ सन्धी कटिपार्श्वयोः ।
जघनस्य बहिर्भागे मर्मणी तौ कुकुन्दरौ ॥ १९ ॥
चेष्टाहानिरधःकाये स्पर्शाज्ञानं च तद्व्यधात् ।
पार्श्वान्तरनिबद्धौ यावुपरि श्रोणिकर्णयोः ॥ २० ॥
आशयच्चादनौ तौ तु नितम्बौ तरुणास्थिगौ ।
अधःशरीरे शोफोऽत्र दौर्बल्यं मरणं ततः ॥ २१ ॥
पार्श्वान्तरनिबद्धौ च मध्ये जघनपार्श्वयोः ।
तिर्यगूर्ध्वं च निर्दिष्टौ पार्श्वसन्धी तयोर्व्यधात् ॥ २२ ॥
रक्तपूरितकोष्ठस्य शरीरान्तरसम्भवः ।
स्तनमूलार्जवे भागे पृष्ठवंशाश्रये सिरे ॥ २३ ॥
बृहत्यौ तत्र विद्धस्य मरणं रक्तसङ्क्षयात् ।
बाहुमूलाभिसम्बद्धे पृष्ठवंशस्य पार्श्वयोः ॥ २४ ॥
अंसयोः फलके बाहुस्वापशोषौ तयोर्व्यधात् ।
ग्रीवामुभयतः स्नाव्नी ग्रीवाबाहुशिरोऽन्तरे ॥ २५ ॥
स्कन्धांसपीठसम्बन्धावंसौ बाहुक्रियाहरौ ।
On both aspect of the vertebral column, located on (towards) the earlike bones of the pelvis, hooked up (embedded in) to the backbone, above the buttocks, are the 2 katikataruna, harm to those causes pallor as a consequence of much less of blood, emaciation and demise on both aspect of the spinal column, on the junction of the pelvis and flanks on either side, on the outer portion of hip / butt, are two kukundara marmas, harm to those causes lack of capabilities (actions) and lack of sensation within the decrease portion of the physique sure to the area in between the flanks and the backbone (on both aspect of the vertical column), the 2 areas above the ear like projections of the pelvis (outdoors the buttocks), concealing the visceral organs and composed of delicate cartilages are two nitamba (marmas), harm to those results in swelling and debility within the decrease portion of the physique and demise. On the decrease finish of the flanks and hooked up on the centre of the perimeters of the entrance a part of the pelvis, situated aspect wards and upwards are the parsvasandhi, harm to those results in demise from accumulation of blood within the stomach in straight line with the stanamula, on both aspect of the vertebral column are the 2 brhati sira, harm to them results in demise by problems arising from extreme lack of blood on the root of the arms, on both aspect of the vertebral column are embedded / sure two amsaphalaka, harm to those causes lack of tactic sensation and emaciation on both aspect of the neck, the sinews (tendons) situated between the neck and head / root of the shoulder joint, binding the basis of the shoulder with the nape of the neck, are two amsa, harm to those causes lack of perform of the arms.
Jatrurdhva marma – important spots within the head and neck
कण्ठनाडीमुभयतः सिरा हनुसमाश्रिताः ॥ २६ ॥
चतस्रस्तासु नीले द्वे मन्ये द्वे मर्मणी स्मृते ।
स्वरप्रणाशवैकृत्यं रसाज्ञानं च तद्व्यधे ॥ २७ ॥
कण्ठनाडीमुभयतो जिह्वानासागताः सिराः ।
पृथक् चतस्रस्ताः सद्यो घ्नन्त्यसून्मातृकाह्वयाः ॥ २८ ॥
कृकाटिके शिरोग्रीवासन्धौ तत्र चलं शिरः ।
अधस्तात्कर्णयोर्निम्ने विधुरे श्रुतिहारिणी ॥ २९ ॥
फणावुभयतो घ्राणमार्गं श्रोत्रपथानुगौ ।
अन्तर्गलस्थितौ वेधाद्गन्धविज्ञानहारिणौ ॥ ३० ॥
नेत्रयोर्बाह्यतोऽपाङ्गौ भ्रुवोः पुच्चान्तयोरधः ।
तथोपरि भ्रुवोर्निम्नावावर्तावान्ध्यमेषु तु ॥ ३१ ॥
अनुकर्णं ललाटान्ते शङ्खौ सद्योविनाशनौ ।
On the 2 sides of the trachea, there are 4 siras (veins) that are embedded within the jaws, of them two marmas are known as nila and two (others) are known as manya, harm to them produces loss or dysfunction of speech and lack of style notion on both aspect of the throat are 4 siras (veins), situated within the tongue and nostril individually, generally known as matrka, their harm results in fast demise, on the junction of the throat and the pinnacle are the 2 krkatika, harm to those causes, tremors (shaking) of the pinnacle beneath the again of the ears are two vidhura, harm to those causes deafness on both aspect of the nostrils, adjoining the opening of the ears, situated contained in the throat, are the 2 phana, harm to those trigger lack of notion of scent on the outer angle of the attention, on the tail finish of eye-brows and beneath are the 2 apanga, within the melancholy above the eyebrow, (on the brow) are the avarta, harm to those (apanga and avarta marmas) causes both blindness or problems of imaginative and prescient on the finish of the brow (above the tail finish of brows) adjoining the ears, on the brow are the 2 Sankha, harm to those causes fast demise.
Vishalyaghna marma – important spots which trigger demise after elimination of overseas physique
केशान्ते शङ्खयोरूर्ध्वमुत्क्षेपौ स्थपनी पुनः ॥ ३२ ॥
भ्रुवोर्मध्ये त्रयेऽप्यत्र शल्ये जीवेदनुद्धृते ।
स्वयं वा पतितेपाकात्सद्यो नश्यति तूद्धृते ॥ ३३ ॥
Above the sankha, on the decrease border of the hairs, are the 2 utksepa (marma); between the 2 eyebrows is the sthapani; in these three (when injured) the particular person can reside with the overseas physique nonetheless intact, or when it falls off by itself or after putrefaction; whereas its elimination causes sudden demise.
Sadyo pranahara marma – important spots which trigger quick demise
जिह्वाक्षिनासिकाश्रोत्रखचतुष्टयसङ्गमे ।
तालून्यास्यानि चत्वारि स्रोतसां तेषु मर्मसु ॥ ३४ ॥
विद्धः शृङ्गाटकाख्येषु सद्यस्त्यजति जीवितम् ।
कपाले सन्धयः पञ्च सीमन्तास्तिर्यगूर्ध्वगाः ॥ ३५ ॥
भ्रमोन्मादमनोनाशैस्तेषु विद्धेषु नश्यति ।
आन्तरो मस्तकस्योर्ध्वं सिरासन्धिसमागमः ॥ ३६ ॥
रोमावर्तोऽधिपो नाम मर्म सद्यो हरत्यसून् ।
On the assembly place of 4 orifices of the tongue, eyes, nostril and ears and within the palate and oral cavity the place the 4 channels associated to tongue and so on meet, in them is the important spot, by title srngataka, 4 in quantity, Damage to those causes fast demise. The 5 joints within the head (cranium) unfold aspect wards and upwards is named simanta marma, harm to those results in demise from madness, giddiness and lack of mind inside the pinnacle, on the assembly place of the joints of veins, on the highest and on the spiral of hairs is situated the marma named adhipati, harm to this causes fast demise
Definition of marma
विषमं स्पन्दनं यत्र पीडिते रुक्च मर्म तत् ॥ ३७ ॥
मांसास्थिस्नायुधमनीसिरासन्धिसमागमः ।
स्यान्मर्मेति च तेनात्र सुतरां जीवितं स्थितम् ॥ ३८ ॥
बाहुल्येन तु निर्देशः षोढैवं मर्मकल्पना ।
प्राणायतनसामान्यादैक्यं वा मर्मणां मतम् ॥ ३९ ॥
Marma is that place which has uncommon throbbing and ache on contact the assembly place of muscle, bones, tendons, arteries, veins and joints, is known as marma life completely resides in them (any harm or assault to those causes hazard to life) they’re indicated by the predominant construction present in them, on this foundation the marmas (important sports activities) are of six sorts; they’re one variety solely on the widespread issue “as seats of life”
Marma Sankhya – variety of important spots
मांसजानि दशेन्द्राख्यतलहृत्स्तनरोहिताः ।
शङ्खौ कटीकतरुणे नितम्बावंसयोः फले ॥ ४० ॥
अस्थ्न्यष्टौ स्नावमर्माणि त्रयोविंशतिराणयः ।
कूर्चकूर्चशिरोऽपाङ्गक्षिप्रोत्क्षेपांसवस्तयः ॥ ४१ ॥
गुदापस्तम्भविधुरशृङ्गाटानि नवादिशेत् ।
मर्माणि धमनीस्थानि सप्तत्रिंशत्सिराश्रयाः ॥ ४२ ॥
बृहत्यौ मातृका नीले मन्ये कक्षाधरौ फणौ ।
विटपे हृदयं नाभिः पार्श्वसन्धी स्तनाधरे ॥ ४३ ॥
अपालापौ स्थपन्युर्व्यश्चतस्रो लोहितानि च ।
सन्धौ विंशतिरावर्तौ मणिबन्धौ कुकुन्दरौ ॥ ४४ ॥
सीमन्ताः कूर्परौ गुल्फौ कृकाट्यौ जानुनी पतिः ।
मांसमर्म गुदोऽन्येषां स्नाव्नि कक्षाधरौ तथा ॥ ४५ ॥
विटपौ विधुराख्ये च शृङ्गाटानि सिरासु तु ।
अपस्तम्भावपाङ्गौ च धमनीस्थं न तैः स्मृतम् ॥ ४६ ॥
Mamsa Marma are ten viz, indrabasti (4), Talahrdaya (4) and Stanarohita (2), asthi marma are eight; Sankha (2), Katikatakaruna (2), Nitamba(2), and Amsaphalaka (2), snayu marmas are 23 in quantity, ani (4), kurcha (4), kurchashira (4) apanga(2), ksipra(4), Utkespa(2), Amsa(2), and Basti(1), dhamani marma are 9 in quantity, Guda(1), Apasthambha(2), Vidhura(2), and Srngataka(4), sira marmas are thirty seven; Brhati (2), Matrka (8), Nila (2), Manya (2), Kasadhara (2), Phana (2), Vitapa (2), Hrdaya (1), Nabhi (1), Parsvasandhi (2), Stanadhara (2), Apalapa(2), Sthapani(1), Urvi(4), and Lohitaksa(4), sandhi marma are twenty; Avartha (2), manibhandha (2), Kukundrara (2), Simanta (5), Kurpara (2), Gulpha (2), Krkatika (2), Janu (2) and Adhipati (1. Within the opinion of some, Guda is Mamsa Marma; Kaksadhara are Snayu marma together with Vitapa and Vidhura, Shringataka is Sira marma, along with Apastambha and Apalapa and never Dhamani Marma
Marma viddha laksana – indicators of Damage to important spots
विद्धेऽजस्रमसृक्स्रावो मांसधावनवत्तनुः ।
पाण्डुत्वमिन्द्रियाज्ञानं मरणं चाशु मांसजे ॥ ४७ ॥
मज्जान्वितोऽच्चो विच्चिन्नः स्रावो रुक् चास्थिमर्मणि ।
आयामाक्षेपकस्तम्भाः स्नावजेऽभ्यधिकं रुजा ॥ ४८ ॥
यानस्थानासनाशक्तिर्वैकल्यमथवान्तकः ।
रक्तं सशब्दफेनोष्णं धमनीस्थे विचेतसः ॥ ४९ ॥
सिरामर्मव्यधे सान्द्रमजस्रं बह्वसृक्स्रवेत् ।
तत्क्षयात्तृड्भ्रमश्वासमोहहिध्माभिरन्तकः ॥ ५० ॥
वस्तु शूकैरिवाकीर्णं रूढे च कुणिखञ्जता ।
बलचेष्टाक्षयः शोषः पर्वशोफश्च सन्धिजे ॥ ५१ ॥
When mamsa marma (i.e. important spot predominant in muscle tissue) are injured, three can be steady bleeding, blood being skinny, resembling water during which meat is washed; pallor(of the pores and skin), lack of perform of the sense organs and fast demise when asthi marma (i.e. important spot wealthy in bone tissue) are injured there’s discharge of skinny fluid combined with bone marrow, not as repeatedly (as in harm of mamsa marma) and intermittent ache. When snayu marma are injured three can be bending (contractions) of the physique, convulsions, stiffness / rigidity, very extreme ache, lack of ability for using, sitting and so on, distortions and even demise when dhamani marma (the important spots that are predominantly made up of arteries) are injured the blood which is frothy and heat flows out with a sound, and the particular person turns into unconscious in case of harm to sira marma (important spots that are predominantly made up of veins), blood which is thick flows out repeatedly and in massive amount; from its loss, thirst, giddiness, dyspnoea, delusion (unconsciousness), and hiccup manifest resulting in demise in case of harm to sandhi marma (important spots whereby there’s predominance of joints), the positioning (of harm) feels as if filled with thorns (spicule / spike), even after therapeutic (of the wound) there’s shortening of the arm, lameness, lower of energy and motion, and emaciation(of the physique) and swelling of the (small joints of the palms, inter-phalangeal joints) joints
Sadyo pranahara marma – important spots which trigger prompt demise
नाभिशङ्खाधिपापानहृच्चृङ्गाटकवस्तयः ।
अष्टौ च मातृकाः सद्यो निघ्नन्त्येकान्नविंशतिः ॥ ५२ ॥
सप्ताहः परमः तेषां कालः कालस्य कर्षणे ।
Nabhi (1), Sankha (2), Adhipati (1), Apana (Guda) (1), hrdaya (1), Srgataka (4), basti (1) and the eight Matrka (8); these nineteen , take away life instantly (therefore these are generally known as sadyahpranahara) seven days is most time for these marmas to draw demise (demise of manifest)
Kalantara pranahara marma – important spots which trigger demise after a while
त्रयस्त्रिंशदपस्तम्भ तलहृत्पार्श्वसन्धयः॥५३॥
कटीतरुण सीमन्तस्तनमूलेन्द्रवस्तयः।
क्षिप्रापालापबृहती नितम्बस्तनरोहिताः॥५४॥
कालान्तर प्राणहरा मासमासार्धजीविताः।
Apastambha (2), talahrdaya (4), Parsvasandhi (2), Katitaruna (2), simanta (5), Stanamula (2), indrabasti (4), Kshipra (4), Apalapa (2), brhati (2), Nitamba (2) and stanarohita (2); these thirty three are Kalantara Pranahara (take away the life after a while); one or one and half months is the interval of life (when these are injured)
Vishalyaghna marma – important spots which trigger demise after elimination of the overseas physique
उत्क्षेपौ स्थपनी त्रीणि विशल्यघ्नानि तत्र हि ॥ ५५ ॥
वायुर्मांसवसामज्जमस्तुलुङ्गानि शोषयेन् ।
शल्यापाये विनिर्गच्चन् श्वासात्कासाच्च हन्त्यसून् ॥ ५६ ॥
The 2 utksepa (2) and sthapani (1) these three are Visalyaghna marmas. Damage to them will trigger demise when the arrow (overseas physique) is eliminated, by the exit of vayu; or when Mamsa, Vasa, majja and mastulunga get dried up, resulting in growth of dyspnoea and cough and destroys the life (of the particular person)
Vaikalyakara marma – important spots which trigger distortion or incapacity
फणावपाङ्गौ विधुरे नीले मन्ये कृकाटिके ।
अंसांसफलकावर्तविटपोर्वीकुकुन्दराः ॥ ५७ ॥
सजानुलोहिताक्षाणिकक्षाधृक्कूर्चकूर्पराः ।
वैकल्यमिति चत्वारि चत्वारिंशच्च कुर्वते ॥ ५८ ॥
हरन्ति तान्यपि प्राणान् कदाचिदभिघाततः ।
Phana (2), Apanga (2), Vidhura (2), Nila (2), Manya (2), Krkatika (2), Amsa (2), Amsaphalaka (2), Avarta (2), Vitapa (2), urvi (4), Kukundara (2), Janu (2), lohitaksa (4), Ani (4), kaksadara (2), Kurca (4), and Kurpara (2), these forty-four are Vaikalyakara (inflicting distortion, irregularity and so on); they could additionally take away (destroy) the life typically when injured
Rujakara marma – important spots which trigger ache
अष्टौ कूर्चशिरोगुल्फमणिबन्धा रुजाकराः॥५९॥
Kurcasira (4), Gulpha (2), manibandha (2) – these eight are Rujakara (inflicting ache)
Marma pramana – dimension of the important spots
तेषां विटपकक्षाधृगुर्व्यः कूर्चशिरांसि च ।
द्वादशाङ्गुलमानानि द्व्यङ्गुले मणिबन्धने ॥ ६० ॥
गुल्फौ च स्तनमूले च त्र्यङ्गुलं जानुकूर्परम् ।
अपानवस्तिहृन्नाभिनीलाः सीमन्तमातृकाः ॥ ६१ ॥
कूर्चशृङ्गाटमन्याःच त्रिंशत् एकेन वर्जिताः ।
आत्मपाणितल उन्मानाः शेषाणि अर्ध अङ्गुलं वदेत् ॥ ६२ ॥
पञ्चाशत्षट् च मर्माणि तिलव्रीहिसमान्यपि ।
Amongst them, Vitapa, Kaksadhara, Urvi, Kurcasira are twelve angula (finger breath) in dimension; Manibandha, Gulpha and Stanamula are two angula: janu, and Kurpura are three angula janu and kurpara are of three angulas Apana (Guda), Basti, hrdaya, Nabhi, Nila, Simanta, matrka, Kurca, srngataka, Manya – these twenty-nine are equal in dimension of 1’s personal palm; the remaining fifty-six are every half angula, within the opinion of some others, the dimensions of the important sports activities are equal to these of tila (sessamum seed) and vrhi (paddy grain).
Marmbhighata phala – impact of harm to important spots
चतुर्धोक्ताः सिरास्तु याः ॥ ६३ ॥
तर्पयन्ति वपुः कृत्स्नं ता मर्माण्याश्रितास्ततः ।
तत्क्षतात्क्षतजात्यर्थप्रवृत्तेर्धातुसङ्क्षये ॥ ६४ ॥
वृद्धश्चलो रुजस्तीव्राः प्रतनोति समीरयन् ।
तेजस्तदुद्धृतं धत्ते तृष्णाशोषमदभ्रमान् ॥ ६५ ॥
स्विन्नस्रस्तश्लथतनुं हरत्येनं ततोऽन्तकः ।
The 4 sorts of siras talked about beforehand (verses 19.37 of chapter 3) which nourish your complete physique, are seated (situated) within the marma (important spots), so when the siras are injured, they too (important spots) are injured, depletion / lower of dhatus (tissues) takes place as a consequence of extreme lack of blood; by that vayu (vata), getting elevated produces extreme ache, causes improve of pitta which in flip produces thirst, emaciation, intoxication (unconsciousness) and giddiness, perspiration, weak point and looseness of the physique, will get carried away by demise
Significance of checking the bleeding within the injured important spot
वर्धयेत्सन्धितो गात्रं मर्मण्यभिहते द्रुतम् ॥ ६६ ॥
चेदनात्सन्धिदेशस्य सङ्कुचन्ति सिरा ह्यतः ।
जीवितं प्राणिनां तत्र रक्ते तिष्ठति तिष्ठति ॥ ६७ ॥
The injured half (the important spot) ought to be lower (incised) instantly close to its place of becoming a member of; by chopping the junctional space, sira (veins) get contracted and the bleeding stops, by stoppage of blood, the lifetime of the individuals stays on
Causes for avoidance of administration of alkalis, toxic medicines and so on on the important spots
सुविक्षतोऽप्यतो जीवेदमर्मणि न मर्मणि ।
प्राणघातिनि जीवेत्तु कश्चिद्वैद्यगुणेन चेत् ॥ ६८ ॥
असमग्राभिघाताच्च सोऽपि वैकल्यमश्नुते ।
तस्मात् क्षारविषाग्न्यादीन् यत्नान्मर्मसु वर्जयेत् ॥ ६९ ॥
Although wounded tremendously in locations apart from marmas (important spots), the particular person survives however not so when injured on the important spots; for, these are destroyers of life, some could survive by the experience of the doctor and partial harm to them, even then they trigger distortions (irregularity) therefore the usage of ksara (software of caustic alkali) visa (toxic medication), agni (cautery by fireplace) and so on. on the important spots ought to averted so far as doable (with all efforts).
Significance of Marmas
मर्माभिघातः स्वल्पोऽपि प्रायशो बाधतेतराम् ।
रोगा मर्माश्रयास्तद्वत्प्रक्रान्ता यत्नतोऽपि च ॥ ७० ॥
Damage to important spots, although slight (delicate) normally produces serve ache (bother); so additionally the illnesses that are localised within the important spots (don’t get cured) regardless of nice effort in treating it.
इति श्री वैद्यपति सिंहगुप्तसूनु श्रीमत् वाग्भटविरचितायामष्टाङ्गहृदयसंहितायां द्वितीये शारीरस्थाने मर्मविभागो नाम चतुर्थोऽध्याय: ।
Thus ends the chapter known as Marmavibhago sariram; the fourth in Sarira Sthana of Astangahrdayasamhita composed by SrimadVagbhata, son, of Sri Vaidyapati Simhagupta.
