Article by Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa, B.A.M.S
‘Manyastambha’ is a situation defined in Ayurveda within the context of Vata Vyadhi – particular problems brought on by aggravated vata.
Which means of Manyastambha
The phrase Manyastambha is made up of two phrases. They’re –
– Manya = again facet of the neck
– Stambha = stiffness, catch
Placing each the phrases collectively, Manyastambha means ‘stiffness of the again of the neck area’.
Definition of Manya
Manya has been outlined as ‘greeva paschad bhaga’ which suggests ‘posterior a part of the neck – again of the neck’. Stambha means stiffness, catch or a situation whereby there’s lack of actions.
Manyastambha is a vata dysfunction and is prompted when the aggravated vata afflicts the mamsa – muscular tissues, snayu – ligaments and nerves and smooth tissues behind the neck.
Understanding the phrase Stambha
Stambha / stabdhata means stiffness. However it may be understood in accordance with state of affairs and context. In situations like Manyastambha, stambha not solely means stiffness but additionally the opposite situations brought on by and related to stambha. They embrace loss or limitation of actions, mal-presentation and positioning of chin and head.
Stambha could also be prompted both by vata or kapha. We’ll additional perceive the involvement of kapha within the causation of stambha or manyastambha within the dialogue of pathogenesis of the illness.
So, stambha or stiffness is brought on by –
– Vata – when manyastambha is brought on by solely vata, as in manyastambha being one of many eighty vata nanatmaja roga
– Kapha – as per the pathogenesis of manyastambha defined by Grasp Sushruta whereby kapha obstructs or envelopes vata, thus hampering the vata, inflicting a kaphavrita vata like situation which additional results in stiffness and limitation of actions on the neck
– Vata drying up the kapha behind the neck and inflicting stiffness
Sorts of Manyastambha
The kinds of Manyastambha haven’t been laid out in Ayurveda texts. However we are able to infer the categories based mostly on the reason and references we discover concerning the illness within the treatises.
1. Vata Pradhana Manyastambha – On this situation, manyastambha is brought on by aggravation of ‘solely vata’ within the area of manya. This matches with manyastambha talked about as one among the many eighty kinds of ‘vata nanatmaja rogas’.
2. Kapha Pradhana or Kaphavrita Vata Janya Manyastambha – This situation has been defined by Grasp Sushruta. On this situation, aggravated kapha blocks vata within the area of the manya and causes a regional ‘kaphavrita vata like situation’ in manya.
1. Manyastambha – a Vata Nanatmaja Vyadhi
Manyastambha is counted as one among the many eighty kinds of vata nanatmaja vikaras i.e. particular vata problems whereby no different dosha is concerned within the pathogenesis. This additionally explains the function of vata within the causation of this dysfunction.
On this situation, aggravated vata will get lodged within the area of manya and causes stiffness, tough actions, ache and different associated signs. The causative components of this situation are additionally the ‘vata aggravating’ ones. The interventions too shall be focused in the direction of balancing vata.
2. Manyastambha – a Kaphavrita Vata situation
It is a variant of Manyastambha whereby aggravated kapha can also be concerned together with vata within the pathogenesis of the illness. Right here the aggravated kapha blocks and envelopes vata. That is referred to as as kaphavruta vata. This mechanism can occur anyplace within the physique however when it occurs within the manya area, it’s going to trigger manyastambha. Avarana is a vata dysfunction itself. However right here the actions and features of vata are hampered by kapha. The stiffness on this situation is brought on by kapha. Restriction of actions and ache are brought on by vata which has been blocked and making an attempt to struggle again to flee from the captivity.
Causes of Manyastambha
Under talked about are the vital causes of Manyastambha –
1. Normal Causative components –
Any vata growing, aggravating or triggering causative components, together with meals and life-style actions could cause or set off manyastambha, when aggravated vata finds place and get lodged within the nape of the neck – manya. These causes might be thought-about as common causative components of manyastambha.
Manyastambha brought on by the below-mentioned particular causes could additional be triggered or worsened by these common causative components.
Preserving it brief, generalized causative components for vata aggravation are these which predominantly trigger ‘vata nanatmaja kind of manyastambha’ however could in later a part of time get related to kapha in these having kapha aggravation and may result in avarana kind of manyastambha, however not as a rule.
2. Particular Causative components –
– Divaswapna – extreme sleeping throughout day time
– Asama sthana – sleeping on an uneven floor, in odd and untoward positions. It additionally consists of uneven work locations whereby one must work by compromising the place of the neck.
– Urdhwa nirikshanah – wanting upwards / with upward gaze in extra
All these etiological components contain irregular positions of the neck, which on longer run could cause stiffness, ache and diminished actions on the neck – manyastambha.
These etiological components clearly worsen each kapha and vata. Whereas diwaswapna aggravates kapha in extra, the opposite two components are accountable for aggravation of vata.
So, these set of causative components give rise to the kind of manyastambha prompted on account of kaphavrita vata.
Whereas there is no such thing as a description of ‘manyastambha’ defined within the context of vata nanatmaja rogas and the causative components talked about above have been talked about within the context of manyastambha involving kapha together with vata (kaphavrita vata) by Grasp Sushruta, these components shall be thought-about as ‘particular causative components for manyastambha’ whereas generalized causative components as talked about above are those which can trigger the nanatmaja vata vyadhi – manyastambha.
Pathogenesis of Manyastambha
1. Vata Nanatmaja Sort of Manyastambha
On account of extreme consumption of or publicity to vata aggravating etiological components, the vata would abnormally improve within the physique. When this vata will get localized within the manya area, it’s going to trigger stiffness, restriction of actions of the neck and ache. Vata causes this by drying of kapha, and tissues within the manya together with sira, snayu, mamsa and kandara.
Extreme consumption of vata aggravating etiological components
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Aggravation of vata
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Vata will get lodged within the manya – again of the neck
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Vata dries up kapha, sira, snayu, mamsa and kandara within the area of manya
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Stiffness, ache and restriction of actions of neck
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Vata Nanatmaja Manyastambha
2. Kaphavruta Vata Sort of Manyastambha
On account of extreme consumption of / publicity to the above stated etiological components, vata and kapha would bear imbalance. Primarily kapha would get severely aggravated. This kapha would trigger avarana of vata i.e. the aggravated kapha envelopes vata and blocks (interferes) with its regular functioning. This may also be thought-about as a state of ‘kaphavruta vata’ occurring within the area of the neck.
Extreme consumption of / publicity to the etiological components resulting in extreme aggravation of kapha and partial imbalance of vata
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The doshas transfer in the direction of manya – again of the neck / nape of the neck and get lodged therein
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Kapha envelops and blocks the vata
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The conventional functioning of vata is disturbed
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There happens ache and lack of actions and tilting of neck as a result of affliction of nerves, muscular tissues, tendons and smooth tissues within the nape of the neck
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This situation is known as as manyastambha / Kaphavrta Vata Janya Manyastambha
Although manyastambha is a vata dysfunction, this situation is brought on by the blockage of features of vata by the aggravated kapha. When blocked and surrounded by kapha, vata tries laborious to flee from the zone of restriction and specific itself. This wrestle would trigger the signs.
Since kapha is predominant within the combo inflicting this illness there’s elevated stiffness within the nape of the neck i.e. stambha. Stambha is a attribute characteristic and symptom of aggravated kapha. Ache and different signs are brought on by the enveloped vata. Restriction of actions, if any, is brought on by the mechanism of blockage of vata by kapha.
Remedy Ideas of Manyastambha
Vata Pradhana (Nanatmaja) Manyastambha – This situation must be handled on the strains of Vata Vyadhi Chikitsa – all measures and medicines prescribed for remedy of Vata predominant problems.
The primary interventions embrace –
Exterior interventions –
– Abhyanga – Ksheerabala Taila, Prasarinyadi Taila, Mahanarayana Taila, Mahamasha Taila, Balashwagandha Taila – can be utilized for soothing therapeutic massage
– Griva Vasti – oil pooling on the again of the neck
– Pinda Sweda – Patrapinda Sweda and Shashtika Shali Pinda Sweda are extremely useful
– Lepa / Upanaha – Vata assuaging herbs could also be used for anointment or poultice
Inner interventions –
– Nasya – errhines with Ksheerabala Taila, Mahamasha Taila
– Vasti – medicated enemas – in continual / cussed / continual situations – Ksheerabala Taila, Prasarinyadi Taila, Guggulutiktaka Ghrta – are useful for enemas.
Kapha Pradhana (Kaphavrita Vata) Manyastambha – This situation must be handled on the strains of ‘Avarana Chikitsa’. Avarana is a pathological occasion whereby pitta, kapha, any tissue or excreta or meals would envelope and hinder vata. Herein the traditional actions and features of vata shall be hampered. One subtype of vata could also be enveloped and blocked by one other subtype of vata additionally. That which envelops and causes obstruction of vata is known as avaraka, vata is known as avruta and your entire occasion is known as avarana. Avruta is fixed – it’s at all times vata or a subtype of vata.
In kaphavruta vata happening within the area of manya resulting in Manyastambha, kapha is avaraka and vata is avruta. As a rule of treating avarana, first the avruta must be handled and the vata must be freed.
So, the preliminary interventions on this situation shall be to do away with kapha and the obstruction to vata that it has prompted. Later when vata will get freed, it’s nonetheless aggressive and confused and erratic because it was making an attempt an escape route on a regular basis. This vata ought to now be calmed and be delivered to a state of steadiness.
The interventions and remedy ideas for this situation consists of –
Exterior interventions –
– Abhyanga – with kapha assuaging oils like Kottamchukkadi Taila or any oil which is ready with kapha assuaging herbs
– Swedana – examine ought to at all times be completed after abhyanga / snehana. Right here, ruksha sweda – dry sudation / fomentation is desired. Choorna Pinda Sweda is preferable on this situation. Kottamchukkadi Churna or Rasnadi Churna could also be used for this objective.
– Lepa / Upanaha – Kapha assuaging herbs could also be used for anointment or poultice
Inner interventions
– Mrudu Vamana – gentle emesis must be administered to expel morbid kapha if its aggravation is extreme
– Nasya – Anu Taila shall be used for errhine
Vata administration
As soon as the kapha avarana has been eliminated, the vata shall be uncovered. This vata ought to now be managed on the strains of ‘vata vyadhi chikitsa’ as per the ideas of remedy talked about above.
Helpful formulations in Manyastambha
– Maharasnadi Kashayam
– Prasarinyadi Kashayam
– Rasonadi Kashayam
– Varanadi Kashayam
– Mahayogaraja Guggul
– Rasnadi Guggulu
– Balarishta
– Ashwagandharishta
– Guggulutiktakam Ghrta
